Installing Oracle 10g R2 on Enterprise Linux 4

Installing Oracle 10g R2 on Enterprise Linux 4

Installation Environment

 Emulation software: VMWare Server 2 on for Windows
 OS: Oracle Linux Enterprise 4.5 for x86: kernel 2.6.9

Required Software

 Oracle Database 10g Release 2 for Linux x86 32-bit

Used Hardware

 In the VMWare: create one virtual machine (oradb1) with the following specs:
o 2 GB RAM
o an ethernet card
o one local hardisk with 20 GB
Installation Plan
1. Preinstallation tasks:
o Hardware requirements
o Software requirements
o Environment configuration
2. Oracle Database 10g Software Installation
3. Apply Patchset 3 (10.2.0.4) for Clusterware and Database Software
4. Configure Listeners
5. Create Database
6. Postinstallation tasks
1. Preinstallation tasks
 Install Oracle Enterprise Linux in the first local hardisk. Install nothing in the remaining
disks.
Note: for a production system, consider becoming an Oracle Unbreakable Linux customer
and register your server on the Unbreakable Linux Network.
o Give the ethernet card IP 192.168.4.21 and the hostname oradb1.mydomain.com.
Define a gateway. If it does not exist, make it same as the host IP address.
o Insall the following packages:
 Desktop Environments
o GNOME Desktop Environment

 Desktop
o X Window System
o Gnome
 Applications
o Graphical Internet (optional)
 Servers
o Do not select anything in this group.
 Development
o Development Tools
 System
o Administration Tools
o System Tools
 Add the package 'sysstat' by clicking on the Details link
and selecting "sysstat - The sar an iostat system
monitoring commands." from the Optional Packages list.
 Miscellaneous
o Do not select anything in this group.
 Complete the installation
 Install further packages:
# to know distribution and version of Linux
cat /etc/issue
# to know kernel version (and its errata level)
uname -r
# from CD 3
rpm -Uvh libaio*
rpm -Uvh openmotif21-2.1.30-11.RHEL4.6.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh openmotif-2.2.3-10.1.el4.i386.rpm
# those packages downloaded from http://rpm.pbone.net
rpm -e compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2
rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-7.3-2.96.128.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-devel-7.3-2.96.128.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-7.3-2.96.128.i386.rpm
rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-c++-7.3-2.96.128.i386.rpm
# confirm the required packages are installed:
rpm -qa|grep gccrpm
-qa|grep glibcrpm
-qa|grep compat-dbrpm
-qa|grep compat-gccrpm
-qa|grep compat-gcc-c++-
rpm -qa|grep compat-libstdc++-
rpm -qa|grep compat-libstdc++-develrpm
-qa|grep control-center-2.8.0
rpm -qa|grep openmotif21-
rpm -qa|grep setarch-
# SELINUX must be disabled

cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
shutdown -h now -r
 Check the hardware requirements
# Hardware Requirements
# At least 2 GB of physical memory
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
# swap space: twice the amount of physical memory
grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
# if you don't have enought swap,
# you can add swap space by creating a temporary swap file.
# let's say about 500MB:
dd if=/dev/zero of=tempswap bs=1k count=500000
chmod 600 tempswap
mke2fs tempswap
mkswap tempswap
swapon tempswap
# 400 MB disk space in /tmp
df -k /tmp
# 4 GB of disk space for Oracle software
df
The size of the shared memory should be at least the greater of
MEMORY_MAX_TARGET and MEMORY_TARGET for each Oracle instance on the computer.
To determine the amount of shared memory available, enter the following
command:
df -h /dev/shm/
# to adjust the shared memory file system size:
umount tmpfs
mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=1200m /dev/shm
 Create the required network configuration:
# Network names Resolution
# configure /etc/hosts if no domain server is used
cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain oradb1.mydomain.com localhost
oradb1
 Create and configure the required OS users and groups
# inventory group
groupadd -g 501 oinstall
groupadd -g 502 dba
# oracle software owner user
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
# make sure nobody user exists (if not there, create it useradd nobody)
id nobody
# The oracle User Environment
# in /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# export DISPLAY if required
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
export EDITOR=vi
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/sql:.:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
export ORACLE_SID=ora10g
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss"
export PATH=.:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH=${PATH}:$ORACLE_BASE/common/oracle/bin
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
# User Shell Limits
# memlock is used to increase the per-process max locked memory
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft memlock 3145728
oracle hard memlock 3145728
 Configure kernel parameters and shell limits
Note: If you make a mistake with a parameter setting and your system does not start, then
you must start Linux in the single-user runlevel (runlevel 1). At this runlevel, the
/etc/sysctl.conf file is not run.
# Configuring kernel parameters and shell limits
# they can be tuned for a production db
# Append the following to the /etc/sysctl.conf file as the root user:
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
# maximum size may be given to SGA (max 4GB)
# kernel.shmmax = 536870912 (512 M)
# following is 1 GB
kernel.shmmax =1073741824
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
# to take immediate effect
/sbin/sysctl -p
 Configure hangcheck-timer kernel module:
# check hangcheck-timer Module Configuration
# with this module, if the kernel hangs, the machine will reboot
# verify the module is loaded
/sbin/lsmod | grep -i hang
# if not loaded, load it
vi /etc/modprobe.conf
options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
# execute and add in the file
vi /etc/rc.local
/sbin/modprobe hangcheck-timer
 Create the required directories for the Oracle database software:
# to know if there is an existing oracle inventory
# from its output, ORACLE_BASE will be parent of oraInventory
more /etc/oraInst.loc
# to identify existing Oracle home directories
more /etc/oratab
# in the example above, /u01 should be owned by the root user
# and writable by group oinstall
cd /
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
mkdir /u01/stage
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/stage
 As oracle, copy software installation into /u01/stage10g/db
 Disable screensavers on host & guest machines.
o In Oracle Linux: Applications-> Preferences-> Screen Saver-> Mode: Disable Screen
Saver
o Do the same after logging off and logging on again as oracle user.
 Restart the machine.

2. Oracle Database 10g Software Installation

-- start OUI
su - oracle
cd /u01/stage10g/db
./runInstaller
Follow the steps.
Install database software only.
3. Apply Patchset 3 (10.2.0.4) for Clusterware and Database Software
# extract 10g Release 2 (10.2.0.4) Patch Set 3 for Linux x86 to

/u01/stage10g/patch10.2.0.4/Disk1
mkdir /u01/stage10g/patch10.2.0.4
cd /u01/stage10g/patch10.2.0.4/Disk1
./runInstaller
Select path of ORACLE_HOME ->Next
4. Configure Listeners
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin
./netca &
Add a new listener
-- optionally, use net manager to manually register the database:
./netmgr
5. Create Database
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin
./dbca &
follow the steps to create a customized database of SID "ora10g" and Global
nmae "ora10g.oradb1".
Do not use specific templates (non-Custom).
The DBCA may pop up the following message in the end of db creation:
"Error securing Database control, Database Control has been brought up in nonsecure
mode. To secure the Database Control execute the following commands:
... "
# check the Oracle processes:
ps -eo pid -o command | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
6. Postinstallation Tasks
 Verify OEM:
# verify that OEM is working
http://oradb1:1158/em
# restart the dbconsole if required
emctl status dbconsole
emctl stop dbconsole
emctl start dbconsole
 Verify iSQL*Plus:
# in the browser
http://oradb1:5560/isqlplus
# if not running:
isqlplusctl start
 Consider implementing automatic database startup. See: Automatically Starting Databases
 Consider implementing automatic EM Database Control startup. See: Implementing EM
Database Control Auto Startup
 Consider using rlwrap utility with SQL*Plus and RMAN:
o Using rlwrap Utility with RMAN in Unix-Based Systems
o Using rlwrap Utility with SQL*Plus in Unix-Based Systems
 For easy Oracle Home access:

echo "alias db='cd $ORACLE_HOME'" >> /home/oracle/.bashrc